{"id":21718,"date":"2019-12-11T18:13:03","date_gmt":"2019-12-11T23:13:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/breakingintowallstreet.com\/biws\/?post_type=biws_kb&#038;p=21718"},"modified":"2024-09-15T08:14:20","modified_gmt":"2024-09-15T13:14:20","slug":"reit-valuation","status":"publish","type":"biws_kb","link":"https:\/\/breakingintowallstreet.com\/kb\/reit-modeling\/reit-valuation\/","title":{"rendered":"REIT Valuation: Crash Course (22:17)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>To value REITs simply and effectively, you must understand how they operate, their special requirements, and the differences between U.S. GAAP-based and IFRS-based REITs.<\/p>\n<p>REITs buy, sell, develop, and operate properties or other real estate assets. They must distribute a high percentage of Net Income in the form of Dividends (90% in the U.S.), and high percentages of their revenue and assets must come from real estate.<\/p>\n<p>In exchange, they pay no corporate income taxes (or greatly reduced corporate taxes).<\/p>\n<p>REITs are always maintaining, acquiring, developing, renovating, and selling properties, and since they distribute so much Cash, they constantly need to raise Debt and Equity to operate.<\/p>\n<p>The Gains and Losses on property sales make Net Income fluctuate, so you look at alternative metrics, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingintowallstreet.com\/kb\/reit-modeling\/funds-from-operations-ffo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Funds from Operations (FFO)<\/a> or EPRA Earnings, when analyzing REITs.<\/p>\n<div class='code-block code-block-7' style='margin: 8px 0; clear: both;'>\n<div class=\"kb-adinsert-modal\">\n    <div class=\"kb-adinsert-top\">\n      <div class=\"media\">\n          <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-28448\" src=\"https:\/\/biwsuploads-assest.s3.amazonaws.com\/biws\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/22172832\/building_icn.png\" alt=\"REIT Modeling\" width=\"128\" height=\"128\" \/>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"content\">\n          <h3>Master REIT Accounting, Valuation, and Financial Modeling for M&A and LBO Deals<\/h3>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"full_text\">\n    \t<ul>\n        \t<li>\n            \t<h4>Understand global REIT fundamentals<\/h4>\n              <p>You\u2019ll learn the accounting, valuation, and U.S. GAAP vs. IFRS differences<\/p>\n\t\t\t    <\/li>\n          <li>\n          \t<h4>Master valuation and financial modeling<\/h4>\n            <p>You\u2019ll build 3-statement, valuation, M&A, and LBO models for REITs<\/p>\n\t\t\t    <\/li>\n          <li>\n          \t<h4>Complete 6 case studies<\/h4>\n            <p>Build 2 shorter \u201ccrash course\u201d models and 4 detailed \u201con the job\u201d ones\n\n<\/p>\n\t\t\t  <\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n        \n      <a class=\"cta-link orange-button-medium\" href=\"https:\/\/breakingintowallstreet.com\/reit-modeling\/\" target=\"_blank\">Full Details<\/a>\n      \n      <a class=\"cta-link orange-button-medium bg-blue\" href=\"https:\/\/biws-support.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/Course-Outlines\/REIT-Modeling-Course-Outline.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Short Outline<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>Funds from Operations (FFO) = Net Income + RE Depreciation &amp; Amortization + Losses \/ (Gains) + Impairments.<\/p>\n<p>Under U.S. GAAP, REITs depreciate properties and record a huge Depreciation expense on the IS; under IFRS, they revalue properties constantly and record huge Fair Value Gains and Losses instead.<\/p>\n<p>Also as a result of that, Book Value is important and meaningful for IFRS-based REITs but must be adjusted significantly for U.S.-based REITs.<\/p>\n<p>To project a REIT\u2019s statements, you start by projecting its \u201csame-store\u201d (existing) properties by assuming rental growth and margins.<\/p>\n<p>Then, assume acquisition, development\/redevelopment spending, a yield on spending, and margins there, and assume something for dispositions and the lost revenue and operating income.<\/p>\n<p>Add up all the property-level revenue and expenses, and then project corporate items such as Depreciation, Maintenance CapEx, and SG&amp;A with traditional percentage approaches.<\/p>\n<p>Make Dividends a % of FFO, AFFO, or EPRA Earnings, and assume Debt and Equity issued based on the REIT\u2019s Cash before financing vs. its minimum Cash balance.<\/p>\n<p>To value a REIT with a DCF, extend these projections, factor in all CapEx and Asset Sales, as well as Stock Issued, and project revenue, margins, D&amp;A, CapEx, and Asset Sales through a 10-year period.<\/p>\n<p>Calculate and discount Terminal Value the normal way, discount and sum up the Free Cash Flows, back into the Implied Equity Value and divide by the share count (current + future shares to be issued) to get the Implied Share Price.<\/p>\n<p>The DDM is similar, but you use Cost of Equity instead of WACC, Equity Value-based multiples for the Terminal Value, and you discount and sum up Dividends rather than Unlevered FCF.<\/p>\n<p>To calculate NAV for U.S.-based REITs, project the 12-month forward Net Operating Income from properties, divide it by an appropriate <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingintowallstreet.com\/kb\/real-estate-modeling\/cap-rate\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cap Rate<\/a> or Yield (based on similar transactions or companies in the market), and then take the market value of the other assets and add them up.<\/p>\n<p>Then, adjust the Liabilities, and subtract them from the market value of Assets to determine Net Asset Value; divide by the share count to get NAV per Share and compare it to the Current Share Price.<\/p>\n<p>Public Comps are similar, but the screening criteria are usually Real Estate Assets, Geography, and Sub-Industry. You can use traditional metrics and multiples like EBITDA and EV \/ EBITDA, but you\u2019ll also use alternative ones such as FFO, P \/ FFO, NAV, and P \/ NAV, and, for IFRS-based REITs, Book Value and P \/ BV.<\/p>\n<p>To find the data, you can use \u201cRelated Companies\u201d on Google Finance, get the assumed <a href=\"https:\/\/breakingintowallstreet.com\/kb\/finance\/year-over-year-yoy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Year-Over-Year (YoY)<\/a> growth rates for the projections from sources like Yahoo Finance, and go from there.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this tutorial, you\u2019ll learn how REITs operate, how to create simple 3-statement projection models for them, how to extend the projections into a DCF analysis, and how to complete a Net Asset Value (NAV) model and use Public Comps to value a REIT.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-21718","biws_kb","type-biws_kb","status-publish","hentry","kb_category-reit-modeling"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/breakingintowallstreet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/biws_kb\/21718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/breakingintowallstreet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/biws_kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/breakingintowallstreet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/biws_kb"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/breakingintowallstreet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}